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Larissa Oliveira

Larissa Oliveira

Institute of Radioprotection and Dosimetry, Brazil

Title: Radiation Dose and Circulatory Diseases associated with CT Cardiac Angiography (CCTA)

Biography

Biography: Larissa Oliveira

Abstract

Statement of the Problem: CT Cardiac angiography is increasingly utilized for the noninvasive assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) due its ability to exclude or diagnose CAD with high accuracy and fast acquisition time. CT delivers high radiation doses to organs that are in the direct path of radiation beam. Thus, there is a potential risk of inducing cellular damage or radiation-induced cancer due to exponentially increased use of this technique in medicine. Exposure of the heart to high doses of ionizing radiation is associated with cardiac lesions, but there are no conclusive studies regarding ionization radiation at low doses and the risks involved for CT Cardiac angiography. The purpose of this study is to review the literature describing the effect of radiation dose on the circulatory system, with emphasis on the heart during the CCTA procedures. Methodology: The research was carried out in a Private Hospital, which has one GE Discovery dual-energy CT scanner. A sample of patients (n= 100) were selected randomly and in each patient, technical parameters and radiation dose were recorded by database. This study was divided in two phases: (1) To evaluate the CT doses using values reported on the equipment console (2) To determine the organ dose using 3D heart with Anthropomorphic Torso Phantom and dosimeter thermoluminescence. Findings: The results demonstrated the median effective dose was similar with the recent studies, approximately 4.6mSv. The second stage (absorbed dose in the heart) is still in progress due to the discrepancy of the values found in this study with the values of the literature.

Conclusion & Significance: The preliminary results demonstrated the importance to record the radiation exposure during the CCTA. Training and improvement of the team involved in the exam to be familiar with the radiation dose received by the patients during clinical practice.

Recent Publications

  1. Einstein AJ, Elliston CD, Groves DW, Cheng B, Wolff SD, Pearson GDN, Peters MP et al (2012) Effects of Radiation Exposure from Cardiac Imaging: How Good Are the Data? Am Coll Cardiol 59(6): 553-565.

Figure 1. Experimental scheme of the 3D heart positioning in the phantom.

  1. Hashim S, Karim MKA, Bakar KA, Sabarudin A, Chin AW, Saripan MI, Bradley DA (2016) Evaluation of organ doses and specific k effective dose of 64-slice CT thorax examination using an adult anthropomorphic phantom. Rad. Physics and Chemistry 126:14-20.
  2. Smith-Bindman R, Lipson J, Marcus R, Kim KP, Mahesh M, Gould R, Berrington de González A, Miglioretti DL (2009) Radiation dose associated with common computed tomography examinations and the associated lifetime attributable risk of cancer. Arch Intern Med. 69(22):2078-86.
  3. Tahvonen P, Oikarinen H, Pääkkö E, Karttunen A, Blanco Sequeiros R and Tervonen O  (2013) Justification of CT examinations in young adults and children can be improved by education, guideline implementation and increased MRI capacity. Br J Radiol. 86:1-9.
  4. Boerma M, Sridharan V, Mao XW, Nelson GA, Cheema AK, Koturbash, Singh SP, Tackett AJ, Hauer-Jensen M (2016) Effects of ionizing radiation on the heart. Mutat Res. 770:319-327
  5. Kataria B, Sandborg M, Althén JN (2016) Implications of patients centring on organ in Computed Tomography. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 169(1-4):130-5.

Boerma M, Sridharan V, Mao XW, Nelson GA, Cheema et al (2016) Effects of ionizing radiation on the heart. Mutation Res. 770:319-327